Kugulitsa machubu opangira ma boiler apamwamba kwambiri
(1) Maiko akuluakulu omwe amalowetsa machubu otenthetsera ndi Japan ndi Germany. Zomwe zimatumizidwa kawirikawiri ndi 15914.2mm; 2734.0mm; 219.110.0mm; 41975 mm; 406.460mm, etc. Zochepa zochepa ndi 31.84.5mm, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi 5 ~ 8m.
(2) Pankhani yofuna kuitanitsa, machubu otenthetsera opanda mpweya a ST45 omwe adatumizidwa kuchokera ku fakitale yachitsulo ya Mannesmann ku Germany adapezeka kuti ali ndi zolakwika zamkati mopitilira malamulo a chomeracho komanso miyezo ya German iron and Steel Association.
(3) Mapaipi azitsulo a aloyi omwe amatumizidwa kuchokera ku Germany amakhala makamaka 34CrMo4 ndi 12CrMoV. Chitoliro chachitsulo chamtunduwu chimakhala ndi ntchito yabwino yotentha kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitoliro chachitsulo cha boiler yotentha kwambiri.
(4) Pali mapaipi ambiri a aloyi omwe amatumizidwa kuchokera ku Japan, okhala ndi 426.012mm 5 ~ 8m; 152.48.0mm12m; 89.110.0mm6m; 101.610.0mm12m; 114.38.0mm6m; 127.08.0mm9m, etc. Kukhazikitsa Japanese mafakitale muyezo jisg3458, ndi kalasi zitsulo ndi stpa25. Chitoliro chachitsulo chamtunduwu nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitoliro cha superalloy.
Mkulu khalidwe mpweya structural zitsulo, ndi makalasi zitsulo ndi 20g, 20mng ndi 25mng; Aloyi structural zitsulo 15mog, mkulu kuthamanga chitoliro.
20mog, 12crmog, 15CrMoG, 12CR2MOG, 12crmovg, 12Cr3MoVSiTiB, etc; Kuphatikiza pa kutsimikizira kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndi makina, mapaipi a 1Cr18Ni9 ndi 1cr18ni11nb omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzitsulo za dzimbiri zosagwira kutentha adzayesedwa ndi hydrostatic test, flaring and flattening test imodzi ndi imodzi. Mipope yachitsulo iyenera kuperekedwa pakatenthedwe.
Komanso, pali zofunika zina za microstructure, kukula kwa tirigu ndi decarburization wosanjikiza wa chitoliro yomalizidwa zitsulo. Chitoliro chosasunthika chachitsulo chobowola geological ndi kuwongolera pobowola mafuta; Pofuna kufufuza momwe miyala yapansi panthaka, madzi apansi, mafuta, gasi ndi mchere akuyendera, zida zobowolera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola zitsime.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ndi gasi sikungasiyanitsidwe ndi kubowola. Chitoliro chosasunthika chachitsulo chowongolera pobowola ndikubowola mafuta ndicho chida chachikulu pobowola, makamaka kuphatikiza chitoliro chakunja, chitoliro chamkati chamkati, casing, chitoliro chobowola, etc.
Pamene chitoliro chobowola chiyenera kugwira ntchito mozama mamita zikwi zingapo, malo ogwirira ntchito ndi ovuta kwambiri, chitoliro chobowola chimakhala ndi zotsatira za kupsyinjika, kuponderezana, kupindika, kugwedezeka ndi katundu wosagwirizana, komanso kuvala matope ndi thanthwe. . Choncho, chitolirocho chiyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira, kuuma, kuvala kukana ndi kuuma kwamphamvu, Chitsulo chachitsulo chachitsulo chimayimiridwa ndi "DZ" (Geological Chinese Pinyin prefix) kuphatikizapo nambala yoimira mfundo yokolola zitsulo. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndizitsulo ndi 45mnb ndi 50Mn za dz45; 40Mn2 ndi 40mn2si ya dz50; 40mn2mo ndi 40mnvb ya dz55; 40mnmob ya DZ60 ndi 27mnmovb ya dz65.
Mapaipi achitsulo amaperekedwa m'malo otenthedwa ndi kutentha.
Chitoliro chosasunthika cha chitoliro cha ng'anjo, chitoliro chosinthira kutentha ndi payipi mumafuta opangira mafuta. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zitsulo zamtengo wapatali za carbon (10, 20), alloy steel (12CrMo, 15CrMo), zitsulo zosagwira kutentha (12cr2mo, 15cr5mo) ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri (1Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti). Kuphatikiza pakupanga kwamankhwala ndi zida zosiyanasiyana zamakina a chitoliro chachitsulo, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti hydrostatic, flattening, flaring ndi mayeso ena, komanso mawonekedwe apamwamba komanso kuyesa kosawononga. Mipope yachitsulo iyenera kuperekedwa pansi pa kutentha kwa kutentha.
Mitundu yonse yazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zotentha zotentha komanso zozizira zosapanga dzimbiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapaipi amafuta ndi zida zamagetsi ndi zida zachitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza pakuwonetsetsa kupangidwa kwamankhwala ndi makina, mapaipi onse achitsulo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula kuthamanga kwamadzimadzi ayenera kukhala oyenerera mu mayeso a hydrostatic. Mapaipi apadera achitsulo osiyanasiyana adzatsimikiziridwa malinga ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa.
Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwachitsulo chopanda chitsulo ndi mtundu wa chitoliro chopanda msoko. Njira yopangira ndi yofanana ndi chitoliro chosasunthika, koma pali zofunikira zokhwima pazitsulo zachitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chitoliro chachitsulo. Malinga ndi kutentha kwautumiki, amagawidwa mu chubu cha boiler wamba komanso chubu chopopera kwambiri.
① Kutentha kwautumiki kwa chitoliro chachitsulo chopanda phokoso ndi pansi pa 450 ℃, ndipo chitoliro choweta chimakhala chopangidwa ndi No. 10 ndi No.
②Kuthamanga kwachitsulo chosasunthika chitoliro nthawi zambiri kumakhala kutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri. The chitoliro adzakhala oxidized ndi dzimbiri pansi pa zochita za mkulu kutentha chitoliro mpweya ndi nthunzi. Chitoliro chachitsulo chimafunika kuti chikhale ndi mphamvu zokhalitsa, anti-oxidation yapamwamba ndi ntchito ya dzimbiri komanso kukhazikika kwadongosolo.
① Chitoliro chachitsulo chosasunthika kwambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga chitoliro cha khoma lamadzi, chitoliro chamadzi otentha, chitoliro chamadzi otentha kwambiri, chitoliro cha nthunzi chotentha kwambiri cha boiler ya locomotive, chitoliro chachikulu ndi chaching'ono cha utsi ndi chitoliro cha njerwa.
② Chitoliro chachitsulo chosasunthika chokwera kwambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga chitoliro champhamvu kwambiri, chitoliro chotenthetsera mpweya, chitoliro cha mpweya, chitoliro chachikulu cha nthunzi, ndi zina zotere zama boiler othamanga kwambiri komanso okwera kwambiri m'mafakitale amagetsi.
